- #Cst microwave studio define surface by equation simulator#
- #Cst microwave studio define surface by equation free#
Due to the memory- and CPU-efficient FIT and PBA ® method in conjunction with an adaptive timestepping of the tracking algorithm, fast and accurate 3D gun-simulations can be performed without the disadvantage of staircase approximations. PS offers a user-friendly environment for the design and optimization of particle guns. The pierce-gun was calculated with 1.2 × 10 6 cells and the calculation was performed in less than an hour on a standard Conclusions Both configurations were simulated with more than 10 000 particles and a relative accuracy of 10 - 3. The modelled geometries of the magnetron and the pierce-gun together with their particle trajectories are shown in Fig. For details of the pierce-gun please see Ref. The models exemplified here are the DC-part of a magnetron, a pierce-type gun and a simple multi-beam gun. The geometric modelling is based on the powerful ACIS kernel and allows definition of numerous basic shapes, Boolean operations (addition, subtraction, Results Preprocessing: The preprocessing of a structure (geometric description, material properties, boundary conditions, mesh generation) is made in an intuitive environment.
#Cst microwave studio define surface by equation simulator#
Once a physical model of the device under study has been established, it can be modelled in the 3D simulator in three steps: preprocessing, solving and postprocessing. The FIT provides a general spatial Simulation procedure The finite integration technique: The build-in general-purpose electromagnetic solvers are based on the FIT, first proposed by T.
#Cst microwave studio define surface by equation free#
Because the recursion-based method only requires the evaluation of the most recent voltage history data (versus the entire history in a "brute-force" convolution evaluation), we achieve necessary time speed- ups across a variety of TL/Earth geometry/material scenarios.Section snippets The CST PARTICLE STUDIO TM programĬST PARTICLE STUDIO TM (PS) is designed for gun-simulations and incorporates powerful electromagnetic field solvers for calculating the external fields, an efficient particle tracking algorithm and sophisticated emission models describing the extraction of particles from active surfaces into free space.
Addressing this to facilitate practical simulation of EMP excitation of TLs, we first apply a technique more » to extract an (approximate) complex exponential function basis-fit to the ground/Earth's impedance function, followed by incorporating this into a recursion-based convolution acceleration technique. This is because the method requires a temporal convolution to account for the losses in the ground. In a time- domain, transmission line (TL) model implementation, predictions are computationally bottlenecked time-wise, either for late-time predictions (about 100ns-10000ns range) or predictions concerning EMP excitation of long TLs (order of kilometers or more ). In this report we overview the fundamental concepts for a pair of techniques which together greatly hasten computational predictions of electromagnetic pulse (EMP) excitation of finite-length dissipative conductors over a ground plane. For typical high-voltage power line load impedances, it is shown that voltage magnitudes in the MV range can be induced across the line termination, in the case of a wave with a near-grazing incidence angle and with wave vector aligned along the horizontal conductor.
The application to the threat analysis of a high-altitude electromagnetic pulse impact on a power transmission line is discussed by considering the time-domain solution (via inverse Fourier transform) for an incident EMP fast-rise transient (E1) waveshape, following the standard IEC specifications. A frequency-domain Thévenin equivalent model is developed to relate the incident wave amplitude to more » the voltage across a generic load, connected at any point on the vertical conductor. This configuration corresponds to the worst-case wave coupling, because it leads to a line induced current larger than in the cases of finite and multiconductor lines. The model is developed using a semi-infinitely long single conductor above a lossy ground plane and connected by an arbitrary load impedance to a vertical grounding conductor. A simple model for coupling of an electromagnetic plane wave incident on a conductor above ground has been developed using reciprocity theory, providing some advantages as compared to the conventional transmission line approach.